〔Abstract〕 Rheumatoid arthritis（RA）is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic synovial inflammation and joint destruction，with a complex pathogenesis. Macrophage polarization plays a pivotal role in disease progres_ sion. Recent studies demonstrate that microRNA（miRNA），as critical post-transcriptional regulators，can partici_ pate in the inflammatory response process by regulating the polarization state of macrophages，thereby aggravating RA joint damage. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of various miRNA in regulating macrophage po_ larization，and emphasizes their potential therapeutic value in RA.