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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="zh" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd"><front><journal-meta><!-- 出版商赋予期刊ID--><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">YIKE</journal-id><journal-title-group><!-- 期刊中文全称--><journal-title>安徽医科大学学报</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文全称--><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</abbrev-journal-title><!-- 期刊中文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">安徽医科大学学报</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><!-- 期刊ISSN号--><issn pub-type="ppub">1000-1492</issn><!-- 期刊CN号--><issn pub-type="cn">34-1065/R</issn><publisher><!--出版商英文名称【预置实体】 待确认 --><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Anhui Lianzhong Printing Limited Company</publisher-name><!--出版商英文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc xml:lang="en">Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Medi-cinalis Anhui Meishan Road , Hefei 230032</publisher-loc><!-- 出版商中文名称【预置实体】--><publisher-name>《安徽医科大学学报》编辑部</publisher-name><!--出版商中文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc>安徽省合肥市安徽医科大学校内老图书馆三楼</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1000–1492（2026）04–0724–05</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.04.017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">11 V281 马星冉 </article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="clc"><subject>R581.4</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="dc"><subject>A</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>临床医学研究</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>妊娠期桥本甲状腺炎患者血清UGRP1水平变化及其影响因素分析</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of changes in serum UGRP1 level and influencing factors in pregnant patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>马</surname><given-names>星冉</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ma</surname><given-names>Xingran</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>吴</surname><given-names>月</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>Yue</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>陆</surname><given-names>晨阳</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>Chenyang</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>左</surname><given-names>春林</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuo</surname><given-names>Chunlin</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna2"/></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution>安徽医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科</institution>，<city>合肥</city>  <postal-code>230022</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dept of Endocrinology， The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University</institution>， <city>Hefei</city>  <postal-code>230022</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp xml:lang="en" id="cor1"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Zuo Chunlin</named-content>， E-mail： <email>zuochl@163.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna1"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">马星冉</named-content>，女，硕士研究生</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna2"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">左春林</named-content>，男，主任医师，副教授，硕士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：<email>zuochl@163.com</email></p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-10T10：32：53"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-id>15</issue-id><fpage>724</fpage><lpage>728</lpage><page-range>724-728</page-range>  <history><date date-type="received">        <day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><abstract abstract-type="key-points"><sec><title>目的</title><p>探究妊娠前后桥本甲状腺炎（HT）患者血清子宫球蛋白相关蛋白1（UGRP1）的水平变化，并分析其影响因素。</p></sec><sec><title>方法</title><p>选取正常人及HT患者各10例，甲状腺穿刺细胞学结合免疫组化技术探究两组间甲状腺细胞UGRP1蛋白的表达。选取30例健康女性为对照组，HT患者149例，包括非妊娠HT组36例、妊娠HT组77例［根据是否服用左甲状腺素钠（L-T4）分为非L-T4亚组36例和L-T4亚组41例］、产后HT组36例。采用Kruskal-Wallis <italic>H</italic>检验分别比较组间临床一般资料、甲状腺相关指标及血清UGRP1水平，并对HT患者血清UGRP1水平的影响因素进行Spearman相关性分析和单因素线性回归分析。</p></sec><sec><title>结果</title><p>正常人甲状腺细胞UGRP1均为阴性表达，HT患者80%呈阳性表达。对照组、非妊娠HT组、妊娠HT组和产后HT组血清UGRP1水平分别为359.52（297.84， 440.60）、695.77（518.55， 865.04）、207.96（173.82， 264.91）、582.08（280.83， 735.87） pg/mL，组间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）。相关性分析表明妊娠HT患者血清UGRP1水平与甲状腺相关指标及孕周无关。单因素线性回归表明妊娠状态与HT患者血清UGRP1水平呈负相关（<italic>β</italic>= -424.457，<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），服用L-T4对妊娠HT患者血清UGRP1水平的影响无统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>=0.890）。</p></sec><sec><title>结论</title><p>HT患者较健康人群血清UGRP1水平增高，妊娠是影响HT患者血清UGRP1水平的重要因素，可导致UGRP1水平降低，服用L-T4对血清UGRP1水平无显著影响。</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract abstract-type="key-points" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To investigate the fluctuations in serum uteroglobin-related protein 1（UGRP1） levels in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis （HT） patients before and after pregnancy， and to analyze the influencing factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Ten healthy individuals and ten HT patients were enrolled. Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology combined with immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of UGRP1 protein in thyroid cells between the two groups. A total of 30 healthy women were enrolled as the control group， and 149 HT patients were recruited， including 36 non-pregnant HT patients， 77 pregnant HT patients and 36 post-partum HT patients. According to levothyroxine sodium （L-T4） administration status， the pregnant HT group was further subdivided into the non-L-T4 subgroup （<italic>n</italic>=36） and the L-T4 subgroup （<italic>n</italic>=41）. Kruskal-Wallis <italic>H</italic> test was used to compare the general clinical data， thyroid-related indicators and serum UGRP1 levels among groups. Spearman correlation analysis and univariate linear regression analysis were performed to explore the influencing factors of serum UGRP1 levels in HT patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>UGRP1 expression was negative in thyroid cells of all healthy individuals， while 80% of HT patients exhibited positive expression. The serum UGRP1 levels in the control group， non-pregnant HT group， pregnant HT group， and post-partum HT group were 359.52 （297.84， 440.60）， 695.77 （518.55， 865.04）， 207.96 （173.82， 264.91）， and 582.08 （280.83， 735.87） pg/mL， respectively， with statistically significant differences among groups （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）. Correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between serum UGRP1 levels and thyroid-related indicators or gestational age in pregnant HT patients. Univariate linear regression analysis revealed that pregnancy status was negatively correlated with serum UGRP1 levels in HT patients （<italic>β</italic>= -424.457， <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）， while L-T4 administration had no statistically significant effect on serum UGRP1 levels in pregnant HT patients （<italic>P</italic>=0.890）.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Serum UGRP1 levels are significantly higher in HT patients than in healthy individuals. Pregnancy is an important factor affecting serum UGRP1 levels in HT patients， which can lead to a decrease in UGRP1 levels， while L-T4 administration has no significant effect on serum UGRP1 levels.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>桥本甲状腺炎</kwd><kwd>妊娠</kwd><kwd>子宫球蛋白相关蛋白1</kwd><kwd>左甲状腺素钠</kwd><kwd>甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体</kwd><kwd>抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>Hashimoto’s thyroiditis</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>uteroglobulin-related protein 1</kwd><kwd>levothyroxine sodium</kwd><kwd>thyroid peroxidase antibody</kwd><kwd>anti-thyroglobulin antibody</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>国家自然科学基金项目</funding-source><award-id>81270864</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>国家自然科学基金项目（编号：81270864）</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><award-group><funding-source>Fund program  National Nature Science Foundation of China</funding-source><award-id>81270864</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>National Nature Science Foundation of China （No. 81270864）</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="1"/><table-count count="3"/><equation-count count="0"/><ref-count count="15"/><page-count count="5"/><word-count count="14710"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>version</meta-name><meta-value>1.0.0.25071</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>structure-time</meta-name><meta-value>2026-05-28T11:37:50</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>word-source</meta-name><meta-value>FX</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><p>桥本甲状腺炎（Hashimoto’s thyroiditis，HT）是一种伴甲状腺自身抗体水平升高的免疫性甲状腺疾病，易导致甲状腺功能减退<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>］</sup>。子宫球蛋白相关蛋白1（uteroglobulin-related protein 1，UGRP1）主要定位于肺上皮细胞和甲状腺组织，具有抗炎、调节生长因子活性等功能<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>］</sup>。在HT病程中，浸润甲状腺的淋巴细胞释放的因子可改变甲状腺细胞膜蛋白结构和免疫状况<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>］</sup>，如促炎细胞因子白细胞介素（interleukin， IL）-1β，可促进人原代甲状腺细胞中细胞自杀相关因子（factor associated suicide，Fas）的表达<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>，进而诱导细胞凋亡。前期研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R5">5</xref>］</sup>表明HT患者甲状腺组织UGRP1与Fas共表达，且UGRP1阳性组织中IL-1β表达量更高，提示血清UGRP1水平可能与机体免疫状态相关。妊娠可通过调节外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及细胞因子水平等机制影响甲状腺功能<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R6">6</xref>］</sup>。目前妊娠期HT患者主要补充左甲状腺素钠（levothyroxine sodium，L-T4）调节甲状腺激素水平，该研究通过比较各组血清UGRP1水平，分析妊娠及L-T4用药对其的影响，探讨血清UGRP1水平是否对妊娠期L-T4用药有一定的指导意义。</p><sec id="s1"><label>1</label><title>材料与方法</title><sec id="s1a"><label>1.1</label><title>病例资料</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">正常人和HT患者的甲状腺细胞取自2023年10月—2025年7月安徽医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤细胞学室的甲状腺穿刺标本。同期选取该院内分泌科门诊就诊的妊娠期（孕周4~28 W）HT患者77例为妊娠HT组，其中包括未在服用L-T4的患者36例（非L-T4亚组）和正在服用L-T4的患者41例（L-T4亚组）；选取30例健康女性为对照组，36例非妊娠HT患者为非妊娠HT组，选取36例产后1年内的HT患者为产后HT组。</p><p>纳入标准：① 育龄期（18~45岁）女性；② 符合《内科学》（人民卫生出版社第十版）HT的诊断标准：存在甲状腺弥漫性肿大、血清中甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（thyroid peroxidase antibody，TPOAb）和/或抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体（anti-thyroglobulin antibody，ATG）阳性，可伴有或不伴有甲状腺功能异常。排除标准：① 妊娠早期HT患者促甲状腺激素（thyroid-stimulating hormone，TSH）水平&gt;2.5 μIU/mL但未接受L-T4治疗；② 有甲状腺手术史或放射性碘治疗史；③ 既往确诊甲状腺功能亢进症；④ 存在严重脏器功能不全。该研究获得医院伦理委员会批准（编号：PJ 2012-02-08），受试者签署知情同意书。</p></sec><sec id="s1b"><label>1.2</label><title>试剂</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">免疫组化（immunohistochemistry， IHC）：一抗（兔抗人UGRP1多克隆抗体）购自北京博奥森生物技术有限公司；二抗（酶标山羊抗兔IgG聚合物）和DAB试剂购自北京中杉金桥生物技术有限公司。血清TPOAb、ATG、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（free triiodothyronine， FT3）、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸（free thyroxine， FT4）、TSH检测采用西门子Centaur XP仪器，由美国西门子医学诊断股份有限公司提供配套试剂盒。UGRP1酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， ELISA）试剂盒（编号：CSB-EL020819HU）购自武汉华美生物科技有限公司。</p></sec><sec id="s1c"><label>1.3</label><title>方法</title><sec id="s1c1"><label>1.3.1</label><title>临床资料与实验室指标收集</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">收集所有研究对象的年龄等临床一般资料，记录非妊娠HT组、妊娠HT组和产后HT组患者L-T4用药剂量。测定全血血常规以及血清肝功能、FT3、FT4、TSH、TPOAb、ATG水平。血清UGRP1水平检测采用ELISA法。</p></sec><sec id="s1c2"><label>1.3.2</label><title>IHC检测</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">取正常人及HT患者各10例甲状腺穿刺标本，每张标本制作2张载玻片，行UGRP1 IHC染色。步骤：① 将玻片置于37 ℃恒温箱中孵育30 min；② 加入0.3% Triton X-100溶液，室温孵育30 min，增强细胞膜通透性；③ 加入3% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>，室温孵育30 min，阻断内源性过氧化物酶活性；④ 滴加稀释比例1∶500兔抗人UGRP1多克隆抗体，置于4 ℃冰箱过夜；⑤ 次日室温复温30 min，滴加过氧化物酶标记的二抗检测试剂，孵育30 min，加入DAB显色液，在室温下显色2 min，之后用蒸馏水冲洗终止显色反应；⑥ 采用苏木精进行复染30 s，自然风干后，中性树脂封片。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s1d"><label>1.4</label><title>实验结果判定标准</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">在光学显微镜下观察甲状腺细胞UGRP1表达情况，排除非特异染色干扰后，甲状腺细胞胞质中有棕黄色、棕褐色或黄色颗粒为UGRP1阳性表达。</p></sec><sec id="s1e"><label>1.5</label><title>统计学处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">运用SPSS 25.0统计软件。计量资料、符合正态分布的数据以<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M1"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>±<italic>s</italic>表示，多组间比较采用方差分析；不符合正态分布则以<italic>M</italic>（<italic>P</italic><sub>25</sub>， <italic>P</italic><sub>75</sub>）表示，多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis <italic>H</italic>检验。多组间的两两比较使用Mann-Whitney <italic>U</italic>检验。相关性分析运用Spearman秩相关分析。妊娠状态与L-T4用药对HT患者血清UGRP1水平的影响采用线性回归分析。以<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05为差异有统计学意义。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s2"><label>2</label><title>结果</title><sec id="s2a"><label>2.1</label><title>正常人与HT患者甲状腺细胞中UGRP1的表达</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">10例正常人甲状腺细胞UGRP1表达阴性，10例HT患者中8例甲状腺细胞UGRP1表达阳性。见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">图1</xref>。</p><fig position="float" id="F1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.04.017.F001</object-id><label>图1</label><caption><title>UGRP1在甲状腺细胞中的表达    IHC    ×200</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.1</label><title>Expression of UGRP1 in thyroid cells    IHC    ×200</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Expression of UGRP1 in thyroid cells of healthy individuals； B： Expression of UGRP1 in thyroid cells of patients with HT.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-F001.eps" id="Graphic1"><?fx-imagestate width="75.84722137" height="28.57500076"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-F001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="75.84722137" height="28.57500076"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-F001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="75.84722137" height="28.57500076"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2b"><label>2.2</label><title>各组间一般资料及甲状腺相关指标比较</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">对照组、非妊娠HT组、妊娠HT组、产后HT组研究对象的年龄、白细胞（leukocyte， WBC）、中性粒细胞（neutrophil， NEUT）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase， ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase， AST）、FT3、FT4差异无统计学意义。TSH水平在四组间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>=0.010），其中非妊娠HT组与妊娠HT组差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>=0.018），其余两组间比较无统计学意义。ATG、TPOAb水平组间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），其中对照组与其他各组差异有统计学意义（均<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），其余三组两组间比较差异无统计学意义。见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">表1</xref>。</p><table-wrap id="T1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.04.017.T001</object-id><label>表1</label><caption><p>四组间一般资料及甲状腺指标比较 ［<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M2"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.35466671" height="2.03200006"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.35466671" height="2.03200006"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>±<italic>s</italic>， <italic>M</italic>（<italic>P</italic><sub>25</sub>， <italic>P</italic><sub>75</sub>）］</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.1</label><title>Comparison of general data and thyroid indicators among four groups ［<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M3"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.35466671" height="2.03200006"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-M002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.35466671" height="2.03200006"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>±<italic>s</italic>， <italic>M</italic>（<italic>P</italic><sub>25</sub>， <italic>P</italic><sub>75</sub>）］</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table1"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Item</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><p>Control group</p><p>（<italic>n</italic>=30）</p></th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><p>Non-pregnant HT group</p><p>（<italic>n</italic>=36）</p></th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><p>Pregnant HT</p><p>group （<italic>n</italic>=77）</p></th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><p>Post-partum HT</p><p>group （<italic>n</italic>=36）</p></th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>F</italic> /<italic>H</italic> value</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P</italic> value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left">Age （years）</td><td align="center">29.08±5.71</td><td align="center">30.94±5.16</td><td align="center">31.47±3.95</td><td align="center">31.42±4.80</td><td align="center">1.660</td><td align="center">0.180</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">WBC（×10<sup>9</sup>/L）</td><td align="center">5.46 （4.69，6.69）</td><td align="center">5.82 （5.09，7.39）</td><td align="center">5.87 （4.37，6.61）</td><td align="center">6.68 （5.60，8.00）</td><td align="center">2.303</td><td align="center">0.512</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">NEUT （×10<sup>9</sup>/L）</td><td align="center">3.62 （2.60，4.07）</td><td align="center">2.93 （2.56，4.75）</td><td align="center">3.58 （2.55，4.57）</td><td align="center">3.33 （2.54，5.20）</td><td align="center">0.145</td><td align="center">0.986</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">ALT （U/L）</td><td align="center">23.00 （16.25，32.25）</td><td align="center">21.00 （14.25，26.50）</td><td align="center">24.00 （12.00，28.00）</td><td align="center">16.50 （13.75，22.00）</td><td align="center">1.627</td><td align="center">0.653</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">AST （U/L）</td><td align="center">21.50 （18.50，24.50）</td><td align="center">19.00 （16.75，23.50）</td><td align="center">21.00 （19.00，28.00）</td><td align="center">18.00 （15.50，25.50）</td><td align="center">4.966</td><td align="center">0.174</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">FT3 （pmol/L）</td><td align="center">4.51 （4.23，4.92）</td><td align="center">4.47 （4.36，4.92）</td><td align="center">4.33 （3.96，4.63）</td><td align="center">4.58 （4.51，4.99）</td><td align="center">5.420</td><td align="center">0.144</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">FT4 （pmol/L）</td><td align="center">16.32 （13.85， 17.61）</td><td align="center">15.38 （13.70，15.67）</td><td align="center">15.00 （12.99，17.06）</td><td align="center">15.59 （13.58， 18.41）</td><td align="center">2.183</td><td align="center">0.535</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">TSH （μIU/mL）</td><td align="center">2.03 （1.37， 3.04）<sup>☆△</sup></td><td align="center">2.46 （2.07， 3.45）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">1.64 （0.99， 2.29）<sup>☆</sup></td><td align="center">2.79 （1.49， 3.55）<sup>☆△</sup></td><td align="center">11.347</td><td align="center">0.010</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">ATG （U/mL）</td><td align="center">1.00 （0.40，1.30）<sup>☆</sup></td><td align="center">51.60 （3.10，419.60）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">21.30 （2.20，134.85）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">8.75 （2.00， 29.30）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">43.569</td><td align="center">&lt;0.001</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">TPOAb （U/mL）</td><td align="center">43.30 （32.25， 54.10）<sup>☆</sup></td><td align="center">973.75 （332.40，1 300.00）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">665.10 （134.50，1 300.00）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">843.25 （148.98，1 300.00）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center">47.562</td><td align="center">&lt;0.001</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">L-T4 dosage （μg/d）</td><td align="center">_</td><td align="center">62.50 （25.00，100.00）</td><td align="center">50.00 （37.50，56.25）</td><td align="center">31.25 （25.00，81.25）</td><td align="center">1.051</td><td align="center">0.591</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;">UGRP1 （pg/mL）</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">359.52 （297.84，440.60）<sup>□</sup></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">695.77 （518.55，865.04）<sup>△</sup></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">207.96 （173.82，264.91）<sup>☆</sup></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">582.08 （280.83，735.87）<sup>△□</sup></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">62.199</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">&lt;0.001</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79997253" height="67.59999847"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79997253" height="67.59999847"?></graphic></alternatives><table-wrap-foot><fn><p><sup>☆△□</sup>： For the same indicator， the same symbol marked between two groups indicates that the difference is not statistically significant.</p></fn></table-wrap-foot></table-wrap></sec><sec id="s2c"><label>2.3</label><title>四组间血清UGRP1水平比较</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">对照组、非妊娠HT组、妊娠HT组、产后HT组血清UGRP1水平见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">表1</xref>，组间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）。妊娠HT组与对照组（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）、妊娠HT组与非妊娠HT组（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）、妊娠HT组与产后HT组（<italic>P</italic>=0.001）差异均有统计学意义。非妊娠HT组与对照组差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>=0.031）。非妊娠HT组与产后HT组、对照组与产后HT组差异无统计学意义。</p></sec><sec id="s2d"><label>2.4</label><title>妊娠HT患者UGRP1水平与多种因素的相关性</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Spearman秩相关分析结果，妊娠HT组患者UGRP1水平与FT3、FT4、TSH、ATG、TPOAb、孕周均无显著相关性。见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">表2</xref>。</p><table-wrap id="T2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.04.017.T002</object-id><label>表2</label><caption><p>妊娠HT患者UGRP1水平与多种因素的相关性</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.2</label><title>Correlation between UGRP1 levels andvarious factors in pregnant HT patients</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table2"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Item</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>r<sub>s</sub></italic> value</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P </italic>value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left">FT3</td><td align="center">-0.039</td><td align="center">0.772</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">FT4</td><td align="center">-0.110</td><td align="center">0.406</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">TSH</td><td align="center">0.108</td><td align="center">0.417</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">ATG</td><td align="center">0.249</td><td align="center">0.057</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">TPOAb</td><td align="center">0.009</td><td align="center">0.949</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;">Gestational age</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">-0.017</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.899</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="32.15800476"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="32.15800476"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap></sec><sec id="s2e"><label>2.5</label><title>妊娠状态与TSH及L-T4对 HT患者UGRP1水平的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">以妊娠HT组患者血清UGRP1水平为因变量，以服用L-T4剂量、是否服用L-T4为自变量；以全部HT患者血清UGRP1水平为因变量，以TSH、是否妊娠为自变量（赋值方式：0=否，1=是），分别进行单因素线性回归分析，结果显示，是否服用L-T4及服用L-T4剂量对妊娠HT患者血清UGRP1水平影响的差异无统计学意义，TSH对HT患者血清UGRP1水平影响的差异无统计学意义，妊娠状态与HT患者血清UGRP1水平呈负相关（<italic>β</italic>= -424.457，<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001）。见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T3">表3</xref>。</p><table-wrap id="T3"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.04.017.T003</object-id><label>表3</label><caption><p>妊娠状态与TSH及L-T4对HT患者UGRP1水平的影响</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.3</label><title>Impact of pregnancy status， TSH， and L-T4 on UGRP1 levels in HT patients</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table3"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Item</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>β </italic>value</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">95%<italic>CI</italic></th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>R<sup>2</sup></italic> value</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P </italic>value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left">L-T4 dosage</td><td align="center">-0.293</td><td align="center">-0.904-0.318</td><td align="center">0.016</td><td align="center">0.341</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">L-T4 usage status</td><td align="center">3.065</td><td align="center">-41.141-47.272</td><td align="center">0.000</td><td align="center">0.890</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">TSH</td><td align="center">5.386</td><td align="center">-8.811-19.583</td><td align="center">0.006</td><td align="center">0.453</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;">Pregnancy status</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">-424.457</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">-513.899- -355.014</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.500</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">&lt;0.001</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T003.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="27.61608315"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6039ADBE-B798-4eac-BD44-E1AC56D06396-T003c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="27.61608315"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><label>3</label><title>讨论</title><p>正常妊娠过程中，母体甲状腺功能会发生一系列生理性调整以满足胎儿生长发育需求，同时雌激素水平波动、胎盘分泌的胎盘生长因子和血管内皮生长因子受体1也可能参与调控，维持母体甲状腺功能的生理平衡<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R8">8</xref>］</sup>。</p><p><italic>UGRP1</italic>基因定位于人类染色体5q31-34区域，其表达受T/EBP/NKX2.1同源域转录因子的直接调控<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R9">9</xref>］</sup>，T/EBP/NKX2.1的表达对甲状腺滤泡细胞的分化成熟、甲状腺激素合成相关酶的表达具有重要的调控作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>］</sup>。近年免疫调控领域研究表明，UGRP1的表达受Th1、Th2细胞因子<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>］</sup>及相关炎症因子<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>］</sup>的调控，Th1型细胞因子可诱导<italic>UGRP1</italic> mRNA的表达，而IL-5<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>］</sup>等Th2型细胞因子则对UGRP1表达有抑制作用。</p><p>该研究显示，UGRP1在正常人甲状腺细胞表达为阴性，而在HT患者中阳性表达率达80%，证实UGRP1在HT患者甲状腺组织中存在异常激活，提示其可能参与HT的发病进程。血清UGRP1水平比较显示，非妊娠HT患者显著高于健康人群，进一步证实UGRP1与HT的关联性。此外，妊娠HT患者血清UGRP1水平不仅显著低于非妊娠HT患者，也低于对照组，而产后该指标则明显回升，这种变化可能与妊娠期母体免疫耐受机制相关，胎儿作为携带父方一半遗传物质的“半同体异体移植物”，需通过调控外周血T淋巴细胞亚群构成及细胞因子分泌谱来避免母体免疫系统的排斥。有研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>］</sup>表明妊娠HT患者的CD8<sup>+ </sup>T细胞（细胞毒性T细胞）比例及CD4<sup>+ </sup>T细胞（辅助性T细胞）/CD8<sup>+</sup>比值趋近于正常，从功能角度来看，CD4<sup>+ </sup>T细胞可增强免疫应答，而CD8<sup>+ </sup>T细胞则通过抑制细胞间信号传递减少B细胞生成抗体<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R15">15</xref>］</sup>。同时妊娠HT患者血清中的Th1型促炎细胞因子（如IL-1）水平降低，Th2型抑炎细胞因子水平升高。这种妊娠期特有的免疫耐受机制可能是HT患者血清UGRP1水平降低的核心原因，也反映了母体为适应妊娠而产生的生理性免疫调控对UGRP1表达的间接影响。</p><p>甲状腺功能及抗体指标分析显示，四组研究对象的FT3、FT4无显著差异，而TSH水平在非妊娠HT组与妊娠HT组间存在统计学差异，符合妊娠期甲状腺功能的生理性调整特点。TPOAb、ATG水平在对照组与各HT组间差异显著，但HT各组间无明显差异，提示抗体升高是HT的核心特征，不受妊娠状态影响。相关性分析显示，妊娠HT患者血清UGRP1 水平与FT3、FT4、TSH、TPOAb、ATG及孕周均无显著关联，说明妊娠期UGRP1水平变化主要受妊娠相关免疫调控影响，而非甲状腺功能及抗体水平直接作用。</p><p>为进一步探索临床干预措施对血清UGRP1水平的影响，该研究同时将妊娠HT患者分为L-T4亚组、非L-T4亚组，结果显示服用L-T4对于血清UGRP1水平无明显影响。这提示L-T4的治疗作用在于纠正甲状腺功能减退，而非直接调控UGRP1的表达，故UGRP1无法为妊娠期HT患者的L-T4用药调整提供指导依据。该研究存在不足之处，样本量较少，未深入探讨胎盘因素（如胎盘生长因子、血管内皮生长因子受体1）与UGRP1水平的潜在关联。后续需开展多中心、大样本的研究，进一步明确妊娠影响HT患者血清UGRP1水平的具体分子机制。</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>参考文献</title><ref id="R1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print" xml:lang="en"><person-group><name name-style="eastern"><surname>Ralli</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>， <name name-style="eastern"><surname>Angeletti</surname><given-names>D</given-names></name>， <name name-style="eastern"><surname>Fiore</surname><given-names>M</given-names></name>， <etal>et al</etal></person-group>. <article-title>Hashimoto’s thyroiditis： an update on pathogenic mechanisms， diagnostic protocols， therapeutic strategies， and potential malignant 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