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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="zh" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd"><front><journal-meta><!-- 出版商赋予期刊ID--><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">YIKE</journal-id><journal-title-group><!-- 期刊中文全称--><journal-title>安徽医科大学学报</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文全称--><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</abbrev-journal-title><!-- 期刊中文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">安徽医科大学学报</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><!-- 期刊ISSN号--><issn pub-type="ppub">1000-1492</issn><!-- 期刊CN号--><issn pub-type="cn">34-1065/R</issn><publisher><!--出版商英文名称【预置实体】 待确认 --><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Anhui Lianzhong Printing Limited Company</publisher-name><!--出版商英文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc xml:lang="en">Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Medi-cinalis Anhui Meishan Road , Hefei 230032</publisher-loc><!-- 出版商中文名称【预置实体】--><publisher-name>《安徽医科大学学报》编辑部</publisher-name><!--出版商中文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc>安徽省合肥市安徽医科大学校内老图书馆三楼</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1000–1492（2026）03–0540–06</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">V241张洁</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="clc"><subject>R 714.2</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="dc"><subject>A</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>基础医学研究</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>不同浓度和处理时长的透明质酸酶对小鼠受精卵发育和囊胚形成的影响</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of different concentrations and treatment durations of hyaluronidase on mouse zygote development and blastocyst formation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>张</surname><given-names>洁</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Jie</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>王</surname><given-names>华</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Hua</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>杨</surname><given-names>迪</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>Di</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>陆</surname><given-names>锦芳</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lu</surname><given-names>Jinfang</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>张</surname><given-names>冀聪</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Jicong</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna2"/></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><label>1</label><institution>安徽医科大学生物医学工程学院</institution>，<city>合肥</city>  <postal-code>230012</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>1</label><institution>School of Biomedical Engineering， Anhui Medical University</institution>， <city>Hefei</city>    <postal-code>230012</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><label>2</label><institution>北京航空航天大学合肥创新 研究院</institution>，<city>合肥</city>  <postal-code>230012</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>2</label><institution>Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University</institution>， <city>Hefei</city>    <postal-code>230012</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><label>3</label><institution>北京航空航天大学计算机科学与工程学院</institution>，<city>北京</city>  <postal-code>100080</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>3</label><institution>School of Computer Science and Engineering， Beihang University</institution>， <city>Beijing</city>    <postal-code>100080</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp xml:lang="en" id="cor1"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Zhang Jicong</named-content>， E-mail：<email>jicongzhang@buaa.edu.cn</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna1"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">张  洁</named-content>，男，硕士研究生</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna2"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">张冀聪</named-content>，男，教授，博士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：jicong <email>zhang@buaa.edu.cn</email></p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-10T15：18：26"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-id>14</issue-id><fpage>540</fpage><lpage>545</lpage><page-range>540-545</page-range>  <history><date date-type="received"> <day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date>  </history>  <abstract abstract-type="key-points"><sec><title>目的</title><p>明确透明质酸酶在不影响胚胎发育前提下的最优处理浓度与时长，为辅助生殖操作标准化提供依据<bold>。</bold></p></sec><sec><title>方法</title><p>分别以40、80、120 IU/mL的透明质酸酶处理小鼠受精卵，每种浓度设60、90、120 s三种处理时长。处理后置于Krebs-林格碳酸氢盐基础盐溶液（KSOM）培养基中，采用Time-lapse系统观察胚胎发育至囊胚阶段的比例。 本研究系统评估了不同浓度（40、80、120 IU/mL）及处理时长（60、90、120 s）下透明质酸酶对小鼠受精卵发育及囊胚形成的影响。</p></sec><sec><title>结果</title><p>40 IU/mL浓度难以有效清除细胞外基质，120 IU/mL能够显著降低受精卵囊胚率。80 IU/mL浓度下，胚胎处理效果最佳，且处理60 s与90 s组囊胚率相近，但60 s组在本实验条件下呈现略高趋势。</p></sec><sec><title>结论</title><p>透明质酸酶在80 IU/mL、处理60 s为较优的处理条件，本研究为辅助生殖技术中受精卵处理提供了实验依据及标准化参考。</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract abstract-type="key-points" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To define hyaluronidase treatment parameters that efficiently remove the extracellular matrix from zygotes without impairing embryo development， thereby providing a basis for standardized assisted reproductive procedures.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Mouse zygotes were treated with hyaluronidase at 40， 80， or 120 IU/mL for 60， 90， or 120 s. Following treatment， embryos were cultured in Krebs-ringer bicarbonate-based solution for organismal media （KSOM） medium， and blastocyst formation was monitored using a Time-lapse imaging system.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A concentration of 40 IU/mL was insufficient for effective matrix removal， whereas 120 IU/mL markedly reduced blastocyst formation. In contrast， 80 IU/mL achieved efficient matrix clearance with minimal impact on development. Blastocyst rates were comparable between the 60 s and 90 s groups， with a slight advantage for the 60 s under the experimental conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Hyaluronidase treatment at 80 IU/mL for 60 s represents optimal processing conditions for mouse zygotes. These findings provide experimental basis and standardized reference for embryo handling in assisted reproductive technologies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>透明质酸酶</kwd><kwd>浓度</kwd><kwd>时差培养</kwd><kwd>受精卵</kwd><kwd>囊胚发育</kwd><kwd>小鼠</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>hyaluronidase</kwd><kwd>concentration</kwd><kwd>treatment duration</kwd><kwd>fertilized egg</kwd><kwd>blastocyst development</kwd><kwd>mouse</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>国家自然科学基金项目</funding-source><award-id>62394313</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院科研项目</funding-source><award-id>BHKX-2025-07-2</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>国家自然科学基金项目（编号：62394313）；北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院科研项目（编号：BHKX-2025-07-2）</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><award-group><funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source><award-id>62394313</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Scientific Research Project of Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University</funding-source><award-id>BHKX-2025-07-2</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 62394313）；Scientific Research Project of Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University （No. BHKX-2025-07-2）</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="3"/><table-count count="2"/><equation-count count="0"/><ref-count count="16"/><page-count count="6"/><word-count count="13648"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>version</meta-name><meta-value>1.0.0.25071</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>structure-time</meta-name><meta-value>2026-05-25T09:36:42</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>word-source</meta-name><meta-value>FX</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><p>随着胚胎体外培养技术的进步，研究者们不断优化受精卵的培养条件，促进高质量胚胎的发育<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>］</sup>。自然受精卵周围包裹着透明带和卵丘颗粒细胞，透明质酸在其中发挥作用，帮助其与受精卵紧密连接。卵丘颗粒细胞分泌的雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P4）在辅助生殖技术 （<italic>in vitro</italic> fertilization，IVF）过程中对胚胎具有毒性作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>。此外，颗粒细胞消耗培养液中的营养，使受精卵处于营养不足的环境中，需要机械剥离或药物处理去除<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R5">5</xref>］</sup>。透明质酸酶广泛应用于IVF中，能够降解透明质酸，帮助卵丘颗粒细胞与受精卵分离，减少其对胚胎发育的影响<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R6">6</xref>］</sup>。透明质酸酶处理后，受精卵的背景更加清晰，有助于胚胎发育质量的准确评估<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>］</sup>。然而，过量的透明质酸酶可能损伤透明带，影响胚胎发育潜力。关于透明质酸酶的标准使用条件已有共识，例如卵母细胞处理时使用80 IU/mL的浓度，但针对受精卵的处理标准尚无明确规定，需要依赖经验判断<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R8">8</xref>］</sup>。</p><p>透明质酸酶处理后的受精卵发育过程通常在光学显微镜下记录，但这需要将胚胎从培养箱中取出，暴露于温度、湿度和气体成分变化的环境中，影响其发育<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R9">9</xref>］</sup>。近年来，延时成像（Time-lapse系统）被引入，利用高分辨率相机记录胚胎发育过程，无需取出胚胎，保持环境稳定<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>］</sup>。本研究采用小鼠胚胎测定（mouse embryo assay， MEA）模型，探讨不同浓度透明质酸酶对受精卵发育至囊胚阶段的影响，并借助Time-lapse系统对胚胎发育进行动态观察<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>］</sup>。该研究旨在优化透明质酸酶的使用条件，减少对胚胎发育潜力的负面影响，提供胚胎操作流程及培养体系优化的实验依据和理论支持<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>］</sup>。</p><sec id="s1"><label>1</label><title>材料与方法</title><sec id="s1a"><label>1.1</label><title>实验环境与动物准备</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">本研究使用的SPF级C57BL/6小鼠由武汉华联科生物技术有限公司提供，8～10周龄，雌雄各10只。小鼠在SPF级动物房饲养，环境参数控制为室温（22 ± 2）℃、相对湿度（50 ± 10）%、12 h光照与12 h黑暗交替。实验前，所有小鼠经历1周适应期。实验器材经高压蒸汽灭菌，操作过程在超净工作台内进行，以减少外界干扰，确保数据准确性。</p><p>本实验涉及动物实验部分的所有流程，均按照武汉华联科生物技术有限公司伦理委员会相关管理和监督条例及标准进行，并取得动物伦理委员会审批同意（批准号：HLK-20231012-002）。</p></sec><sec id="s1b"><label>1.2</label><title>超数排卵与受精</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">选取8～10周龄的雌性小鼠，腹腔注射5～10单位孕马血清促性腺激素（pregnant mare serum gonadotropin，PMSG）。48 h后，再注射5 IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素（human chorionic gonadotropin，hCG）以促进卵巢成熟卵泡的排放。在注射hCG后15 h，采用验栓法通过检查雌鼠生殖器确认是否发生交配。具有阴道栓的雌鼠被选作实验对象。实验试剂、器材均由武汉华联科生物技术有限公司提供。</p></sec><sec id="s1c"><label>1.3</label><title>胚胎收集与处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">验栓结束约1 h后，解剖雌鼠，采用体视显微镜在其输卵管壶腹部小心取出原核胚胎及其周围卵丘复合物。将胚胎置于过夜平衡过的M2培养液中，以洗去大部分杂质。</p></sec><sec id="s1d"><label>1.4</label><title>透明质酸酶处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">在37 ℃、5.5% CO<sub>2</sub>培养箱中，将透明质酸酶（试剂型号：M2215）加入灭菌的Krebs-林格碳酸氢盐基础盐溶液（Krebs ringer bicarbonate-modified medium， KSOM）溶液，使最终处理液中透明质酸酶浓度分别达到40、80、120 IU/mL。在IVF工作台（无菌操作台）上使用滴液器形成100 μL的液滴，将上一步取出的胚胎分别浸泡在3种不同浓度的透明质酸酶液滴（40、80、120 IU/mL）中，用较大口径的玻璃巴斯德吸管进行机械剥离，持续时间分别为60、90、120 s。不同实验组的处理时长、处理浓度分组具体如下：① AI、AII、AIII：透明质酸酶浓度为40 IU/mL，处理时间分别为60、90、120 s；② BI、BII、BIII：透明质酸酶浓度为80 IU/mL，处理时间分别为60、90、120 s；③ CI、CII、CIII：透明质酸酶浓度120 IU/mL，处理时间分别为60、90、120 s。</p><p>字母A、B、C分别代表40 、80 、120 IU/mL浓度，字符I、II、III分别代表处理时长60、90和120 s。</p></sec><sec id="s1e"><label>1.5</label><title>胚胎清洗与培养</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">胚胎处理完成后，使用KSOM培养液对其清洗5次，以减少透明质酸酶对胚胎细胞后续发育的不利影响。清洗后的胚胎被转移至KSOM培养液中，在培养过程中，严格控制培养箱的温度、气体浓度和时间（在37 ℃、5% CO₂的环境中培养1 h），使胚胎周围的颗粒细胞沉降。随后，使用较细的巴斯德吸管将处理过并已释放第一极体的胚胎细胞转移至12孔或18孔多孔培养皿中，每孔放置受精卵1～2枚。</p></sec><sec id="s1f"><label>1.6</label><title>时间序列培养与观察</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">胚胎培养液为KSOM培养液，并覆盖1～2 mL矿物油。将培养皿置于Time-lapse培养系统（培养箱型号：MTL-20-m）中，进行实时监控与培养。与传统细胞培养箱不同，Time-lapse系统能够实时记录胚胎发育的全过程，并监测细胞环境的变化。使用高分辨率相机记录胚胎发育过程中的细胞状态，并收集实验数据（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">图1</xref>）。</p><fig position="float" id="F1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021.F001</object-id><label>图1</label><caption><title>从输卵管中分离胚胎用于胚胎培养的各阶段细胞和时间序列图像     ×20</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig. 1</label><title>Cells and time-series images from various stages of embryo culture isolated from the fallopian tubes     ×20</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F001.eps" id="Graphic1"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="28.92777443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="28.92777443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="28.92777443"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s1g"><label>1.7</label><title>统计学处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将重复的各组别实验计算总和，所有实验数据使用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行分析， 绘图使用OriginPro 2024（10.1.0.178）软件。结果以均数±标准差（<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M1"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-M001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-M001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula><italic>±s</italic>）表示，组间差异采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA），并根据需要进行事后比较。<italic>P</italic>0.05为差异有统计学意义。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s2"><label>2</label><title>结果</title><sec id="s2a"><label>2.1</label><title>透明质酸酶的清除作用</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">为明确透明质酸酶在受精卵处理中的较优使用条件，本研究在3种透明质酸酶浓度（40、80、120 IU/mL）下，分别处理小鼠受精卵60、90和120 s，辅以Time-lapse系统观察小鼠受精卵状态。</p><p>透明质酸酶能够促进受精卵周围的卵丘颗粒细胞脱离，降低卵丘颗粒细胞分泌物对受精卵的影响。同时，使背景清晰，方便观察受精卵的状态。如<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>所示，经过不透明质酸酶同浓度不同时间处理的受精卵，其细胞外颗粒堆积、背景清晰度、细胞形态的差异明显。随着处理时间的增加和浓度的提升，细胞外的颗粒堆积减少，背景逐渐清晰。</p><fig position="float" id="F2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021.F002</object-id><label>图2</label><caption><title>各组间细胞的透明质酸剥脱情况    ×20</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig. 2</label><title>Hyaluronic acid depolymerization status of cells in each experimental groups     ×20</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A：Represents low concentration （40 IU/mL）；B：Represents medium concentration （80 IU/mL）；C：Represents high concentration （120 IU/mL）；I， II， and III corresponds to different time points （60， 90， and 120 seconds）.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F002.eps" id="Graphic2"><?fx-imagestate width="80.08055115" height="67.02777863"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="80.08055115" height="67.02777863"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="80.08055115" height="67.02777863"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2b"><label>2.2</label><title>受精卵发育的总体趋势</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">本研究设置了9个条件组（3种浓度 × 3种处理时长），共处理了1 469枚受精卵，监测其发育至囊胚前的不同阶段发育率情况。具体分组如下：AI组（40 IU/mL，60 s，<italic>n</italic>=139）、AII组（40 IU/mL，90 s，<italic>n</italic>=83）、AIII组（40 IU/mL，120 s，<italic>n</italic>=235）、BI组（80 IU/mL，60 s，<italic>n</italic>=143）、BII组（80 IU/mL，90s，<italic>n</italic>=288）、BIII组（80 IU/mL，120 s，<italic>n</italic>=69）、CI组（120 IU/mL，60 s，<italic>n</italic>=143）、CII组（120 IU/mL，90 s，<italic>n</italic>=288）、CIII组（120 IU/mL，120 s，<italic>n</italic>=69）。</p><p>同时，根据受精卵发育时间，在不同的时间分别观察受精卵发育到2、4、8个细胞以及囊胚细胞的发育情况（<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">表1</xref>），并统计在此时间区间的发育到各阶段细胞的数量并通过计算各阶段胚胎的发育率，以此评估每组胚胎细胞的整体发育质量。在BIII、CII、CIII组中，从2个细胞到4个细胞阶段的发育率出现急剧下降，而后续几个阶段的下降幅度较为平缓。相较之下，其余浓度较低或处理时长较短组别中，尽管各阶段的细胞发育率也呈下降趋势，但整体下降幅度较为平缓，并未出现某个阶段急剧下降的情况（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">图3</xref>）。</p><table-wrap id="T1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021.T001</object-id><label>表1</label><caption><p>不同浓度、不同时间处理组的数据集合</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.1</label><title>Data collection for different concentrations and different treatment durations</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table1"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Group</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Treatment duration （s）</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Concentration （IU/mL）</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Fertilized ovum</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">2 cell</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">4 cell</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">8 cell</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Blastocytes</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left">AI</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">40</td><td align="center">139</td><td align="center">115</td><td align="center">101</td><td align="center">100</td><td align="center">97</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">BI</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">80</td><td align="center">143</td><td align="center">114</td><td align="center">105</td><td align="center">99</td><td align="center">92</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">CI</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">120</td><td align="center">114</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">83</td><td align="center">80</td><td align="center">69</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">AII</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">40</td><td align="center">83</td><td align="center">70</td><td align="center">61</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">57</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">BII</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">80</td><td align="center">288</td><td align="center">235</td><td align="center">226</td><td align="center">217</td><td align="center">189</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">CII</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">120</td><td align="center">129</td><td align="center">87</td><td align="center">73</td><td align="center">70</td><td align="center">62</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">AIII</td><td align="center">120</td><td align="center">40</td><td align="center">235</td><td align="center">178</td><td align="center">157</td><td align="center">145</td><td align="center">134</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">BIII</td><td align="center">120</td><td align="center">80</td><td align="center">69</td><td align="center">47</td><td align="center">36</td><td align="center">35</td><td align="center">32</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;">CIII</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">120</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">120</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">269</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">164</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">121</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">111</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">104</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-T001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79998779" height="45.94001007"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-T001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79998779" height="45.94001007"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap><fig position="float" id="F3"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021.F003</object-id><label>图3</label><caption><title>透明质酸酶浓度与处理时长对胚胎发育时序细胞发育率的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.3</label><title>The effects of hyaluronidase concentration and treatment duration on the developmental rate of cells during embryo development</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p><sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> AI group； <sup>#</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> BIII group； <sup>△△△</sup><italic>P</italic>0.001 <italic>vs</italic> CI group<italic>.</italic></p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F003.eps" id="Graphic3"><?fx-imagestate width="154.51667786" height="120.65000153"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F003.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="154.51667786" height="120.65000153"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-F003c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="154.51667786" height="120.65000153"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2c"><label>2.3</label><title>处理时长对囊胚率的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">为探讨透明质酸酶处理时长对小鼠囊胚率的影响，本研究对相同浓度但不同处理时长的组别进行了统计学分析（<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">表2</xref>）。在40 IU/mL处理组中，60和90 s处理时长下，囊胚率差异无统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>=0.862）。相比之下，在120 s处理组中，透明质酸酶会导致部分囊胚死亡。结果显示，囊胚率（AI=70%；AII=69%；AIII=57%），在60和90 s组时，囊胚率更高。在该处理浓度下，60、90和120 s处理时长对2个细胞和4个细胞的发育率没有明显影响。发育到8个细胞阶段时，较长处理时长对胚胎发育的影响才开始暴露出来，并且与囊胚阶段显现出的影响相同。</p><table-wrap id="T2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.021.T002</object-id><label>表2</label><caption><p>透明质酸酶处理时长对受精卵发育的影响</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab. 2</label><title>The effects of hyaluronidase treatment duration on fertilized egg development</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table2"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Group</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Comparisons</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P</italic> value （2 cell）</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P</italic> value （4 cell）</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P</italic> value （8 cell）</th><th align="center" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;"><italic>P</italic> value （Blastocyst）</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left">40 IU/mL</td><td align="center">AI <italic>vs</italic> AII</td><td align="center">0.756</td><td align="center">0.893</td><td align="center">0.956</td><td align="center">0.862</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="center">AI <italic>vs </italic>AIII</td><td align="center">0.113</td><td align="center">0.237</td><td align="center">0.044</td><td align="center">0.014</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="center">AII <italic>vs</italic> AIII</td><td align="center">0.104</td><td align="center">0.259</td><td align="center">0.083</td><td align="center">0.062</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">80 IU/mL</td><td align="center">BI <italic>vs</italic> BII</td><td align="center">0.640</td><td align="center">0.243</td><td align="center">0.176</td><td align="center">0.791</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="center">BI <italic>vs</italic> BIII</td><td align="center">0.064</td><td align="center">0.002</td><td align="center">0.494</td><td align="center">0.013</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="center">BII <italic>vs</italic> BIII</td><td align="center">0.014</td><td align="center">0.001</td><td align="center">0.897</td><td align="center">0.030</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left">120 IU/mL</td><td align="center">CI <italic>vs</italic> CII</td><td align="center">0.044</td><td align="center">0.008</td><td align="center">0.011</td><td align="center">0.052</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="center">CI <italic>vs</italic> CIII</td><td align="center">0.001</td><td align="center">0.001</td><td align="center">0.001</td><td align="center">0.001</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;"/><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">CII <italic>vs</italic> CIII</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.210</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.030</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.015</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom:solid;">0.075</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-T002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79998779" height="45.94001007"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/9B878061-021D-4bd4-AC54-A7B9EBF8F728-T002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="169.79998779" height="45.94001007"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap><p>80 IU/mL浓度处理组中，发现60与90 s处理时长下的各发育阶段细胞（2细胞、4细胞、8细胞、囊胚）差异无统计学意义。然而，120 s处理时长下显著影响囊胚率（<italic>P</italic>=0.013，<italic>P</italic>=0.030），这种影响在2细胞阶段已经体现（<italic>P</italic>=0.014）。但120 s处理时长对于胚胎发育情况在哪个阶段开始影响，并且影响最显著没有很好地体现。</p><p>与40、80 IU/mL浓度组类似，在120 IU/mL处理组中，处理时长对囊胚存在明显影响。根据<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">表2</xref>所示，在90 s处理时长下，2、4、8细胞和囊胚阶段均受到影响，比60 s处理组存活情况都差。120 s处理组中，上述情况更加明显。总体而言，处理时长对囊胚发育的影响在高浓度组中尤为显著。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><label>3</label><title>讨论</title><p>本研究探究小鼠受精卵经不同浓度透明质酸酶处理后的发育状态，借助Time-lapse系统清晰地观察到受精卵各发育阶段的状态与数量。短时长处理下，中低浓度透明质酸酶对胚胎发育无显著影响，低浓度处理未发现卵丘颗粒细胞释放物的胚胎毒性，推测其释放的相关激素不足以影响受精卵发育；延长处理时长后，酶浓度对受精卵发育的影响显著凸显，高浓度下胚胎各阶段细胞大量死亡，仍有部分胚胎发育为囊胚，表明受精卵对该酶处理存在一定耐受性。</p><p>目前多数IVF实验室使用透明质酸酶处理小鼠受精卵时缺乏定量标准，多依赖实验者经验判断，而胚胎周围细胞外基质易干扰胚胎质量的形态学评估。透明质酸酶虽能有效清除受精卵外包裹物质，但过度使用会降低胚胎发育潜能，实验需在不影响胚胎发育的前提下实现基质有效清除。本研究表明，低浓度酶处理后受精卵外基质剥离不完全，延长处理时长也无明显改善；高浓度酶易造成严重胚胎损伤，中等浓度处理则能彻底清除基质，保证观察视野的清晰。</p><p>本研究还分析了处理时长的影响，短时长处理下，受精卵发育率随酶浓度升高略有降低，适宜浓度下，适中处理时长对胚胎发育的负面影响更小，且细胞剥落效果更优。本研究与 Bhide et al<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>］</sup>的研究结论相近，均证实低浓度透明质酸酶处理有利于提升受精效率，而高浓度酶的长时间暴露会降低受精卵存活力，进而抑制其囊胚发育潜能。</p><p>透明质酸酶作为IVF实验室中常用的试剂，尽管在不同使用浓度下的作用已有一定研究，但相关的系统性探讨仍较为有限。自Joris et al<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R15">15</xref>］</sup>建议80 IU/mL作为处理卵母细胞的理想浓度以来，只有少数研究关注透明质酸酶在体外受精过程中可能产生的毒性效应。Bhide et al<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>］</sup>的研究表明，低浓度透明质酸酶处理卵母细胞能够提高受精率和胚胎质量研究中，也观察到类似的趋势。在相同处理时长下，低浓度组的囊胚发育率普遍高于较高浓度组。该研究表明，透明质酸酶浓度过高时，会导致受精卵无法正常发育。类似的现象也出现在Lee et al<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R16">16</xref>］</sup>的实验中，长时间（20 min）暴露于高浓度（ALT-BC4）透明质酸酶时，会引起轻微的细胞毒性。但是他们的实验结果显示对囊胚发育的影响并不显著，这可能与实验设计差异有关。</p><p>2细胞阶段是胚胎发育的关键时期，通常出现在受精后26 h左右，标志着胚胎从合子分裂为两细胞，开始卵裂。此阶段通过有丝分裂形成两个等大的卵裂球，包裹在透明带内，是评估受精效率和卵子发育潜能的重要指标。随后，胚胎将在35～43 h内进入4细胞阶段，约3 d后达到8细胞阶段。8细胞阶段是胚胎向囊胚过渡的重要节点，此时卵裂球开始紧密连接，胚胎完成基因组激活并启动自主发育，为后续细胞分化奠定基础。在生殖医学中，2细胞、4细胞和8细胞阶段的观察是预测胚胎质量和发育潜能的关键。通过分析相同时间不同浓度下透明质酸酶对受精卵发育的影响，发现受精卵在透明质酸酶处理后，各发育阶段的细胞表现出相似的趋势。在合适浓度下，评估透明质酸酶最佳处理时长时，却呈现出一些无规律性变化。主要出现在不同浓度透明质酸酶的处理时长下，2细胞、4细胞、8细胞阶段的统计学对比，并没有与囊胚呈现一致，推测为一些实验干扰所致。</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>参考文献</title><ref id="R1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print" xml:lang="en"><person-group><name name-style="eastern"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>F</given-names></name>， <name 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