〔Abstract〕 Oral cavity cancer is the sixth-leading cancer worldwide, which has become one of the important factors affecting oral health. The morbidity of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for nearly 80% of oral cavity cancer. The pathogenesis and prevention of OSCC have become a hot topic in this field. Previous studies have shown that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) participated in the development, invasion and metastasis of gastric and bone cancers, thereby impacting the prognosis of the patients. Recent studies have found that BMPs also play a key role in the development, progression, metastasis, and invasion of OSCC, This review therefore summarizes the correlation and molecular mechanism between BMPs and the biological